Exploring Flexible Work Arrangements: Implications for Employee Satisfaction and Productivity Across Various Sectors in General Santos City

Abstract

This study investigated the impact of Flexible Work Arrangements (FWAs) on employee satisfaction and productivity across various sectors in General Santos City, Philippines. Using a descriptive quantitative research design, data were collected from 352 full-time employees in six sectors: education, healthcare, government, manufacturing, business process outsourcing (BPO), and retail/hospitality. Grounded in Self-Determination Theory, Capability Theory, and Facilitation Theory, the study assessed the implementation of Flexible Work Arrangements such as telecommuting, flextime, compressed workweeks, and shift work and their relationship to job satisfaction, work-life balance, and performance outcomes. Results showed that Flexible Work Arrangements, particularly flextime, were positively associated with increased satisfaction and productivity. Knowledge-based sectors benefited more from scheduled autonomy, while operational sectors responded better to structured flexibility. Respondents noted improved task completion, morale, and overall work-life integration. The study concluded that Flexible Work Arrangements were effective in enhancing both employee well-being and organizational efficiency when implemented appropriately. Recommendations included adopting context-specific FWA models, investing in technological infrastructure, training managers in remote supervision, and conducting trial periods with ongoing employee feedback. These strategies may help organizations create resilient, inclusive, and performance-driven work environments in the post-pandemic era.