Antibiotic Susceptibility Test of Escherichia Coli and Staphylococcus Aureus

Abstract

Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus the most frequently and common bacteria cause serious disease in human. Health facilities will be able to restrict the inappropriate use of antibiotics and take proactive measures to stop the spread of drug-resistant bacteria by identifying their antimicrobial patterns. In order to better understand the current state of antimicrobial resistance and to improve infection treatment by avoiding the use of unnecessary antibiotics that could accelerate the emergence of bacterial resistance, the aim of this research was to ascertain the antibiotic susceptibility of isolates of S. aureus and E. coli from a variety of clinical samples. A total of 100 (S. aureus and E. coli) isolates from different form samples were collected from Al-Hussain hospital, Al-Musayyib General Hospital, Al-Kafeel Hospital, Obstetrics Hospital, Alnaqaa laboratory, Aljawadin laboratory and Al-Rasul laboratory. The Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was used to test all isolates for antibiotic susceptibility and identify their profiles of antibiotic resistance. The results showed that Urine samples were the higher collected from females while nasal swabs were higher from males. Other important finding is presence of hetero-resistance phenomena in both bacteria. E. coli was highly resistant to Amoxicillin-Clavalanic acid (94%), Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (64%), Nalidixic acid (60%), Trimethoprim (58%), and moderate resistance to Ciprofloxacin (48). Whereas, the highest sensitivity rates were seen with Meropenem antibiotic (94%), Tobramycin (54%), Levofloxacin (52%). While S. aureus show highly resistant to Cefoxitin (94%), Erythromycin (72%), and moderate resistance to Sulfamethoxazole (36%) and show sensitivity to Rifampin (88%), Clindamycin (72%), Levofloxacin (66%), Trimethoprim (60%), and Gentamicin (64%). The current study represents that E. coli was highly resistant to Amoxicillin-Clavalanic acid while showed high sensitivity rates with Meropenem. On the other hand, S. aureus show highly resistant to Cefoxitin while showed high sensitivity rates with Rifampin and both bacteria showed hetero resistance phenomena.